Practice And Implementation Of The Hydro Deoxygenation...

Practice and Implementation Existing and future practices The current main goal of this particular catalyst is to aid a process that will produce fully sustainable biofuels that will be used in conventional engines. Usually, different processes will require different catalysts to aid the reactions that take place in the particular process. This means that this particular nanometal catalyst might only be useful in the hydro-deoxygenation process. The only way to determine that this particular catalyst can aid another process is by laboratory testing and simulation software. However, nanometal catalysts are really promising and will definitely play a significant role in the future of industrial processes. A potential future use of this particular nanometal catalyst could lie in recycling plastics. Plastics are polymers that mostly contain carbon as well as other compounds linked to it.[3] This nanometal catalyst aids the breaking of the carbon-oxygen bond which could possibly be useful for recycling purposes. [8] In general, nanometal particles already have numerous applications. One of the most important ones is in medicine. They can be used to deliver drugs to specific regions of the human body (mostly used for tumors), they can act as antioxidants or even treat people with chronic bacterial diseases.[9] An additional use of nanometal particles, is in electronics as they are being used to produce low-cost electrodes for fuel cells and are used as a coating to the anodes of

Management Of All Types Of Generation - 863 Words

Management of all types of generation effectively in the workplace is imperative to the prosperity and harmony of the organizations. A few, if not greater, are probably not aware that generation gaps exist in the workplace or maybe avoiding the existence of these generational differences. According to Toops, (May 2013), â€Å"in my organization, there are real differences between older and younger generations and how they approach work† (p.40). No two people are alike and the more people recognize our differences, then they will concede our similarity in some aspects. In addition, knowing the difference between people and adjusting to that diverse workforce is not stereotyping but a recognition from one person to another. Although there are four types of generation in the workforce, only three dominates which are the Baby Boomers, Generation X, and Millennials. To appropriately define these four generations, I have acquired Davis (Sept. 2014, p. 17-18) descriptions of the four generations in the workplace in the following paragraphs. As evidently defined above, there would be pandemonium in managing all four types of generation. Managers will have every day challenge if he/she does not recognize a potential problem or even avoiding these differences in work. Nevertheless, whether it is age or culture, there would be differences in the workforce. Additionally, individual life experiences have an impact on one’s values and attitudes. According to Davis’ (2014) research,Show MoreRelatedDifference between Application Software and Programming Software1568 Words   |  6 Pagesrealized there are two types of software that we are using in our daily life. In my opinion, I think that software is created to help solving problems in different sector and make human’s life easier. What is Software? Software is a term which defines the various types of programs that used to run and operate the computers or computer hardware. Software is required to be installed as a program in a computer before the instruction given by the computer hardware works. There are many types of software suchRead MoreManaging A Team Of Multi Generational Workers Essay1565 Words   |  7 Pagesdescribed by the difference in the generation in the workforce. This usually is the main reason for conflicts in the workplace but sometimes can be a boon for the employers for the development of an organisation to be more efficient and productive. Authoritative approaches to deal with these inadequate nowadays as these are of differing values and attributes with varying ambitions to either compete or collaborate with each other. Hotel human resource management (HRM) needs to deal with them separatelyRead MoreDiversity, Diversity And Inclusion Are Key Components For Organizational Success977 Words   |  4 Pages organizations create a culture in which inclusion is a core component, advocated and demonstrated at all levels. One diversity characteristic is that of age. Due to many reasons, such as medical advances and the economic recession (Meister Willyerd, 2009), older generations are putting off retirement. This delay in retirement has changed the landscape of today’s workforce; there are currently four distinct generations within the workforce (Coughlin, n.d.) and by 2020, there will be five (Meister WillyerdRead MoreBlood Bank Management System1420 Words   |  6 Pages 1. 2. Introduction of blood bank management system Blood banks collect, store, and provide blood. Typically, these banks collect blood from voluntary blood donors. The banks then sort blood by type, check blood to make sure it is free of disease and then store it for future use. The main mission of a blood bank is to provide life-saving blood to hospitals and other health care facilities. Blood cannot be created by any means, it can only be collected from the Humans i.e. donors. Recruitment ofRead MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Remote Network Management1300 Words   |  6 Pages{Benefits of Remote Network Management|Advantages of Remote Network Management|The Up-sides of Remote Network Management} {One of the latest developments in employment gaining more and more popularity is offshoring.|The latest trend in today s economy in regards to employment is offshoring.|Nowadays, offshore workforce has become trendy and popular amongst corporations.} {This is a system where companies have people working remotely while ensuring a higher quality of services at reduced costs.|ItRead MoreHow Smart Grid Used Today?1352 Words   |  6 PagesGrid Used Today? Introduction Smart grids usage has been increasing all over the world. North America and Europe are the two regions that have been increasing their usage of smart grids over the years. A. Smart grid has four major area of applications which are industries and homes, transmission and distribution, generation, and power system as a whole. B. Smart grids have been used in different ways and there is different type of smart grid devices that has helped renew resources. Smart EnergyRead MoreExplain the Different Phases of Compiler with a Neat Diagram.880 Words   |  4 Pagestoken stream by identifying which parts of the token stream should be grouped. Phase 3: Intermediate Code Generation The third phase of the compiler, called Intermediate Code Generation uses the structure produced by the syntax analyzer to create a stream of simple instructions. The output of the syntax analyzer is some representation of a parse tree. The intermediate code generation phase transforms this parse tree into an intermediate language representation of the source program. PhaseRead MoreWorkplace Diversity: Communication between Management and Employees1517 Words   |  7 PagesWorkplace Diversity: Communication between Management and Employees Workplace challenges come in many forms. One of those challenges is communication, whether verbal or nonverbal, between co-workers or between management and employees. Businesses currently are being affected by communication issues that are hindering production, satisfaction, and employee retention (Salahuddin, 2010). Communication is a vital key to effective and good management. Face-to-face communication is always the bestRead MoreSymptoms, And Treatment Of Schizophrenia1413 Words   |  6 Pagesparanoid type, disorganized type, catatonic type, undifferentiated type, and residual type. For paranoid types, auditory hallucinations and delusions occur here. The patient has delusions that cause them to be abusive or mistreat someone and acts like they are a superior human being. Around one-third of people with schizophrenia are diagnosed with this subtype. Disorganized type schizophrenia causes the patient to have abnormal speech and behavior while talking as if they have no emotion. This type usuallyRead MoreHertzberg’s Two Factor Theory of Motivation Essay1432 Words   |  6 Pagesmotivation is so prevalent and importance continues to increase in management research. It is believed that if organizations or managers can find the key to motivate individuals, then the company will be able to increase productivity, therefore increasing their bottom line. Theoretical Framework Over the years, researchers have tested numerous theories of motivation. Hertzberg’s Two Factor Theory of Motivation states that there are two types of motivators: the first has to do with an individual’s inward

Effect of Colonisation - 1701 Words

Maori world views were encapsulated in Whakapapa, which provided them with their identity, in Whanau, Hapu, Iwi and Whenua, the land. Their world views also included believing in wairuatanga (spiritual connection to the natural environment), kaitiakitanga, which is that people are linked to all living and non – living things and it is the responsibility of the mankind to safeguard the ecosystem. In addition, they believed in oneness (kotahitanga) and manaakitanga - the ability to care for others (Hikuroa, 2010). According to Durie (as cited in Dew Davis, 2006) Maori people were able to manage health by sound public health principles. They were able to preserve and store food, maintain clean water supply, have proper sanitation and†¦show more content†¦Another breach in the Treaty was seen when the Tohunga Suppression Act 1907 was passed and outlawed tohunga. Hence Maori lost the freedom to employ traditional methods of healing through karakia, mirimiri (massage), and wai rakau (Maori plant medication) contributing to the destruction of many traditional skills as well as expertise. Several other law enforcement and fragmented governance during the peak of colonisation affected the Maori and was in breach with the Treaty. The main agenda was the assimilation of the Maori with the Pakeha. One such Act was the draconian Town and Country Planning Act 1926, which was used to remove Maori from their traditional settlements to blend with Pakeha culture. The aim of which was to provide the pakeha with enough land to do the farming. Consequently, Maori were forced to leave behind their traditional world in the name of urbanisation causing separation of Maori from Maori. Poor levels of education exacerbated the social situation, like poor housing, unemployment and low income. All these factors are the determinants of health and it was seen that from year 1964 – 1984 there was a continual decline in Maori health. Now Maori represent lower socioecono mic status in all the strata and this will probably predict a greater likelihood of adopting risk – laden lifestyle. Implications to nursing As nurses we represent a powerful largest group of healthShow MoreRelatedEffect of Colonisation1693 Words   |  7 Pagessocioeconomic status of the Maori people, the understanding of the process of colonisation becomes necessary. The effect of past trauma to its present effect than becomes quite evident. Colonisation refers to loss of sovereignty from the indigenous people to colonisers. They dominate the indigenous in economic, social, spiritual, political, and psychological ways. The succession of processes involved with colonisation which is universal to all colonised people is, violence, depopulation,dislocationRead MoreIndigenous Australians and Torres Strait Islanders Essay1655 Words   |  7 PagesExample intro: Colonisation has impacted profoundly on indigenous communities worldwide and this essays examines and details some of those impacts. Initially, the concept of colonisation will be explained, including the forces that were driving the colonisation and the usual ways it was achieved. At a general level, the ideologies underpinning the colonisers’ interactions with indigenous peoples will also be described. A comparison will then be made between the experiences of colonisation for AboriginalRead MoreColonisation Assignment1595 Words   |  7 PagesColonisation definition The New Zealand Oxford dictionary (2005) defines colonisation as â€Å"establishing a colony or colonies in a country or area† (p. 215). That means a group of people invading and fully forming a community in a new country or an area. In New Zealand, colonisation was the process of British migrants settling down in the country and building a government after the signing the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840. History of immigration (2005) explains that large numbers of people from BritainRead MoreThe Colonization Of Economic, Democratic And Industrial Effects On The Colonised Countries1720 Words   |  7 PagesThe overall reputation of the large Colonial Empires is that their interaction with other nations in order to colonise them, has negatively affected those colonised nations. This essay, however will argue that the colonisation of countries had positive effects and outcomes for both the Empire and the colonised countries themselves. It has been stated that the main aim of the col onial powers was conquest, expansion, seeking resources and trading these resources with other countries. While this hasRead MoreEssay about Indigenous Health1500 Words   |  6 PagesAustralian society. Indigenous populations have been the carers and custodians of Australia and the Torres Strait for a period in excess of 60,000 years before being invaded/colonialised by the British on January 26, 1788 (Hampton Toombs, Racism, colonisation/colonialism and impacts on indigenous people, 2013). Before this time, it is suggested that Indigenous Australians lived relatively affluent lives and enjoyed generally better health than most people living in Europe (Hampton Toombs, IndigenousRead MoreColonization Of Australia On The Indigenous Population Through The Means Of Health And Housing942 Words   |  4 PagesThe systematic notion of colonisation reaped in outcomes heavily impacting the Indigenous population through the means of health and housing. In current times, the burden of disease, poor socio-economic status and austere detriment of Indigenous Australians is verification to a history of colonisation and this continuing nature. From the first of the British Invasion in 1788, a staggering assault over a multiplicity of years, the colonisation of Australia on the terms of Terra Nullius meant IndigenousRead MoreInfluential Colonisation And Its Impact On Contemporary Africa1507 Words   |  7 PagesOutlined by this quote, that although in terms of times colonialism is a small section of African history, it has left an imprint throughout the continent. This essay will look at how influential colonisation is in contemporary Africa, there are two main groups of scholars who argue how influential colonialism was in Africa the first is outlined by Gann and Duigan and they hold the view that the colonial era was ‘the most decisive for the future of Africa’. The alternative school of thought is heldRead MoreLasting Effects of European Colonization on Native American Indians.1047 Words   |  5 PagesEffects of Colonisation on North American Indians Since the Europeans set foot on North American soil in 1620,they have had a devastating effect on the native population. I will be discussing the long term effect of North American colonisation on the Native Americans, focusing on such issues as employment opportunities, the environment, culture and traditions, health, as well as social justice. I will begin with the important issue of employment opportunities. The unemployment rate forRead MoreCultural Identity And Language Essay1643 Words   |  7 PagesColonisation has left a lasting impression on people’s language, affecting their sense of identity. This is emphasised through, ‘Search for My Tongue’, and ‘A Different History’ both by Sujata Bhatt, as well as ‘Dis Poetry’ and ‘Rong Radio Station’ by Benjamin Zephaniah. Colonisation causes people to lose their language, causing them to feel frustrated and confused as their identity becomes confused. ‘A Different History’, explores the relationship between cultural identity and language. The poetRead MoreThe Northern Wars Of Aotearoa Essay1069 Words   |  5 Pageswhite man s anger that took place in 1843-1846, in the Bay of Islands, New Zealand. It will also be defining and giving understanding of the meaning of colonisation and the effects on the MÄ ori people. This paper concludes with the impact of the Northern wars on MÄ ori wellbeing and health in 1843 and the present. The definition of colonisation is â€Å"the forming of a settlement or colony by a group of people who seek to take control of territories or countries†. It usually involves large-scale immigration

level 5 diploma in leadership for the children and young...

Introduction This assignment will show what services are available in early year’s settings and for young people to support positive development. It will show what assessments we carry out within my setting and I will also critically analyse agencies that are available for referrals, transitions and safeguarding for children and young people. Explain different theorist and frameworks of child and young person development. Cross reference Unit 136, Page 7 (unit 136 1.1.2) Explain the potential impact has on service provision of different theories and approaches. Cross reference unit 136, page 7 (unit 136 1.1.2) Outcome based services available for children and young people Health visitor Health Visitors are specialists†¦show more content†¦-liaising and working with parents -securing training for workers -liaising with outside agencies with respect to a childs special educational needs (SEN) such as speech Therapist, physiotherapist..etc. -ensuring a smooth onward transition and planning for moving on to school. As long as Information is recorded and shared with other professionals to help children and young people to get the help and support they require this is great but if information is not then the children will suffer. Disclosure and Barring Service The Disclosure Barring Service (DBS) was established under the Protection of Freedoms Act 2012 and merges the functions previously carried out by the Criminal Records Bureau (CRB) and Independent Safeguarding Authority (ISA).It was previously called Criminal Records Bureau (CRB) checks for those providers who register with Ofsted. Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) is to help employers in England and Wales make safer recruitment decisions and prevent unsuitable people from working with vulnerable children and young people. It was highly publicized when child murder and abuse cases such as the murder of two pupils, Holly Wells and Jessica Chapman by a school caretaker that led to the establishment and development of the Criminal Records Bureau (CRB). In March 2012, figures from the CRB revealed the checks had prevented more than 130,000 unsuitableShow MoreRelatedEssay on Community Analysis10970 Words   |  44 Pages15 and 210.13, Lexington County, South Carolina County: Lexington Local Terrain [see figure 1.1]: Mountainous areas: none Bodies of Water: Lake Murray, Gibsons Pond, Mill Pond, Twelve Mile Creek The elevation is 392 feet above sea level. Major Shopping Area: within Main Street-Downtown, US 378 Bypass area, SC Route 6 off I-20. Major US Highways [see figure 1.2]: US 1, US 378, and US 6 intersect within the town of Lexington. All of these highways direct towards the city ofRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pagesof the Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. www.lu.com Printed in the United States of America The paper used in this book complies with the Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National Information Standards Organization (Z39.48-1984). 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To our grandchildren Annika, Jacob, Katherine, Madison, Magnus, and Molly Contents Illustrations . . . . . Preface . . . . . . . . . Acknowledgments . The Web Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Read MoreStrategic Human Resource Management72324 Words   |  290 PagesBusiness Management Study Manuals Advanced Diploma in Business Management STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT The Association of Business Executives 5th Floor, CI Tower ï‚ · St Georges Square ï‚ · High Street ï‚ · New Malden Surrey KT3 4TE ï‚ · United Kingdom Tel: + 44(0)20 8329 2930 ï‚ · Fax: + 44(0)20 8329 2945 E-mail: info@abeuk.com ï‚ · www.abeuk.com  © Copyright, 2008 The Association of Business Executives (ABE) and RRC Business Training All rights reserved No part of this publication may beRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesobtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers and sellers to distinguishRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesactivities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo SydneyRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 Pages6.5.2.3 Critical chain method Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Reducing Project Duration Leadership Chapter 2 Organization Strategy and Project Selection 1.4 Projects and programs (.2) 1.4.1 Managing the portfolio 1.4.3 Strategy and projects 2.3 Stakeholders and review boards 12.1 RFP’s and vendor selection (.3.4.5) 11.2.2.6 SWAT analysis 6.5.2.7 Schedule compression 9.4.2.5 Leadership skills G.1 Project leadership 10.1 Stakeholder management Chapter 11 Teams Chapter 3 Organization: StructureRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 PagesSecond edition 1997 Reprinted 1998, 1999, 2001, 2003 Third edition 2005 Copyright  © 1992, 1997, 2005, Richard M.S. Wilson and Colin Gilligan. All rights reserved The right of Richard M.S. Wilson and Colin Gilligan to be identified as the authors of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form (including photocopying or storing in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transientlyRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesManagement—10th ed. 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Battle Of Britain Essay Example For Students

Battle Of Britain Essay Battle of BritainDunkirk-May 1940In May of 1940 German forces invaded France. By the end of May Allied troops were cornered, on the coast, in the town of Dunkirk. They had been overpowered by the German blitzkrieg(?Battle of Britain?).Though German bombers had destroyed over 200 of the rescue armadas ships, the British still were able to evacuate 224,000 of their troops along with 123,00 French(Mosley 20). Though they had been forced to abandon most of their equipment and supplies on the beach, the British avoided the trap set by the Germans. This event was the precursor to the Battle of Britain. At this point, Germany felt that Allied forces were weak and if they were to invade Great Britain, the time was then. Prefight OddsAfter Dunkirk the Royal Air Force had low morale and its numbers were severely depleted. In the attempt to protect the rescue armada from the Luftwaffe the RAF(Royal Air Force) lost 106 fighters and 75 pilots, which was one fourth of their air power. By July 1940 the stage was set for the Battle of Britain, which was to be the first major battle to be fought entirely in the air. In the months after Dunkirk several factors had come into play that would both hurt and help the Allies and the Germans. The Luftwaffe was estimated to have 4,500 first-line aircraft and the RAF 2,900(Mosley 52). And now that the English Channel was the only thing separating the Allies from the Germans, Britain needed to catch up. The British needed to replenish their supplies and they needed to drastically increase the number of planes being produced as soon as possible. Two things helped bring the British more planes for the Battle of Britain. The first was Churchill not allowing any more plane s to be flown to France as aide, after all, France had already been defeated and occupied by German forces. The second action was the increased factory production of planes. In the months that followed the evacuation at Dunkirk, British workers built 446 new fighters for the RAF, which was 100 more than the Germans were producing. In order to build this many new planes the factories were working seven days a week and by Lord Beavbrooks ?work without stopping? policy. In an attempt to help the effort, women all over Britain put their household items containing aluminum out for collection, so that the necessary materials for fighter production was available(Mosley 52). Another plus for Britain was their bombers. The bombers would be used to attack targets in Germanys industrial heartland and also in German-controlled Channel ports, where German ships were assembling for Operation Sea Lion ,the projected seaborne invasion of Britain. They also had good RAF fighters, which would be need ed to protect the British Isles during the battle(Mosley 54). One other significant home advantage for Britain was that they were able to recover any pilots who had bailed out of their planes relatively quickly because they had the Royal Navy ready and if they landed in GB they wouldnt have to worry about being put in a POW camp. There were three other defensive advantages the British had: Command headquarters(defensive air operations), radar, and a German code breaking machine. Britain located their base of operations at Bently Priory, an 18th century mansion. It was their top-secret hub of air operations, with a plotting room(worked by the Womens Auxiliary Air Force), where Chief Marshal Dowding and his air-controllers would watch the great chart and plan the battle depositions to be made to the RAF(Mosley 56). Radar(RAdio Detection And Ranging) was an important aspect of Britains ground defenses. Britain used it to detect distant objects, their location, and their speed, by analy zing the ultra-high-frequency radio waves reflected from their surfaces. Dowding created a communications network with radar reports, which would get fed back to Bently Priorys central plotting room, where Dowding and his staff would be able to deploy fighters where and when they were needed. Radar was the first form of a modern air defense network system(?Battle of Britain? and Mosley 54). The code breaking machine was also a valuable resource and also a very top-secret one too. The machine was kept so secret that even Dowdings subordinate commanders didnt know about it. The machine enabled the British to intercept and break complex German codes, allowing them to estimate the Luftwaffes intended targets and the numbers of aircraft to be employed even before the planes left the ground(Mosley 56). On the other hand, it looked as if all the odds were against Britain and for Germany after Dunkirk, but Germany made a series of miscalculations that ended up costing them dearly. One of th e first mistakes made by Germany was their unchanged pace of plane production after Dunkirk. Hitler believed that if they increased airplane production it would alarm the population of Germany and also that the raw materials used to build the planes should be directed towards the production of guns. Also if the Luftwaffe wanted to bomb London or any other large industrial city they would need more long-range heavy bombers but because of the stalled production they werent built. The only bombers Germany had available at the beginning of the battle were Dornier-17 and the Heinkel-111. Both planes had short ranges and were vulnerable to fighters coming in at them from certain angles. Part of Germanys strategy going into the Battle of Britain was that the ground troops would be the most important aspect once they landed and that their fighters and bombers would be mainly used as offensive support(Mosley 47). That was one of their first miscalculations. One of Germanys worst failures in the skies was with their Junkers-87 dive bomber. It was a highly effective bomber but it was very vulnerable to RAF fighters. The other highly effective German fighter plane was the Me-109(Messerschmitt-109) but there was also a flaw to it. The Me-109 had a terrible range and was barely adequate for the operations required of it. It could only fly for 80 minutes, therefore, with the amount of time it took to fly back and forth it only had a maximum of twenty combat minutes available causing many planes to run out of fuel and crash before they could get back to France and land(Mosley 49). Another miscalculation of the German strategy was the importance and use of radar in air operations. They put most radar use in the hands of their navy because they thought it would be more useful in ocean reconnaissance(Mosley 54). If Germany had put more time into developing the Luftwaffe for the Battle of Britain and utilized all possible air resources their miscalculation might not have turned o ut so costly. The Clarksville Art Scene and the Community EssayHerman GoringHerman Goring was head of the Luftwaffe between 1933-1945. He was second in power to Adolf Hitler. Goring oversaw formation of the Luftwaffe before World War 2. Goring ended up killing himself while in prison awaiting execution for war crimes(?Battle of Britain?). Sir Hugh DowdingDowding was the Air Chief Marshall during the Battle of Britain, head of the RAF Fighter Command, and the defensive counterpart of Sir Arthur Harris. Dowding built-up the defensive air power of the RAF during the 1930s. After the Battle of Britain, Dowding lost his position after a policy dispute. The strategy he employed during the Battle of Britain and his relentless determination are credited for the successful defense of Britain(?Battle of Britain?). Famous Planes of the RAFThe Supermarine Spitfire served as a first-line fighter throughout WW2. It was fast and maneuverable. Its thin elliptical wings made it capable of very high speeds(571 km/hr). It had a Ceiling of 10,360 meters and a Range of 805 km. The make-up of the plane was continuously being changed to meet the needs of low and high altitude fighters, tropicalized, navalized, or equipped as an unarmed photo-reconnaissance aircraft. Its one of the most famous military aircraft in history. There were 20,351 built and the RAF retired the last Spitfire in 1954(?Battle of Britain?). The Hawker Hurricane was a biplane, structure wise, with a monoplane layout. It had a Speed of 520 km/hr, a Ceiling of 10,900 meters, and a Range of 965 km. The fuselage was a braced steel tube construction, with wooden frames and fabric covering, making it easy to repair. The Hurricane was relatively inferior to the best fighters but they were sturdy, reliable, and easy to produce. Most fighters during the Battle of Britain were Hurricanes and later models were used as ground attack and anti-tank aircraft because they were obsolete as fighters. 14,533 were built(?Battle of Britain?). The Boulton Paul Defiant was a two seat fighter with a four gun armament. It had initial success but heavy loses followed. It had a Max. Speed of 485 km/hr, a Ceiling of 9,250 meters, and a Range of 740 km. It was later used as a night fighter and then as a target tug. There were 1,064 built(?Battle of Britain?). Famous Planes of the LuftwaffeThe Messerschmitt Bf 109 was a standard Luftwaffe fighter throughout the war. It had good performance and handling but it had restricted vision, bad landing characteristics, and it couldnt carry a lot of armament because it was so small. It was the smallest frame that could be built around the large and powerful engine. The Me-109 had a Max. Speed of 560 km/hr, a Ceiling of 10,500 meters, and a Range of 660 km. It was one of the best fighters in the world(E model). There were approximately 35,000 built and production continued in Spain after the war(?Battle of Britain?). The Junkers Ju 88 was one of the most versatile aircraft of the war. It was used for various types of air battle: dive bomber, reconnaissance aircraft, torpedo-bomber, night fighter, heavy day fighter, and an anti-tank aircraft. The plane had a Speed of 470 km/hr, a Ceiling of 8,200 meters, and a Range of 2,730 km. There were 10,774 produced(?Battle of Britain?). The other Junkers, Ju 87 or ?Stuka, was a gull winged dive bomber. It was the most feared bomber, it was ugly, sturdy, accurate, but very vulnerable to enemy fighters. It was very effective in destroying fortifications, ships, and instilling fear in people. The last versions of the Ju 87 were used as anti-tank aircraft and there were over 5,700 produced. The Ju 87 had a Speed of 383 km/hr, a Ceiling of 8,000 meters, and a Range of 790 km(?Battle of Britain?). Aces of the AirOne of the most famous aces was Major Adolf Galland of the Luftwaffe. He was already an ace before the Battle of Britain began. He had 37 kills. He was also one of the few Luftwaffe pilots to survive the war(Ward 162). Other Luftwaffe aces of the Battle of Britain include Helmut Wick, Walter Oesau, Hans Mayer, and Gustav Sprick. Brian Kingcome was one of Britains most respected and famous aces of the Battle of Britain. Other aces of the RAF include E.S. Lock, J.H. Lacey, P.C. Hughs, and C.F. Gray(Ward 162 and ?Battle of Britain?). ConclusionThe Battle of Britain was the finest hour for the British but the first defeat of the war for the Germans. Though Germany was favored in the invasion the tables turned and Britain proved to be steadfast and determined in the defense of their country and it worked. The Battle of Britain ended up setting the stage for D-Day , the demise of the Reich, and the end of World War Two. ?Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few? Winston ChurchillBibliographyWorks CitedMosley, Leonard Battle of Britain: World War II. Canada: Time-Life Books Inc., 1977. Ward, Arthur A Nation Alone:The Battle of Britain-1940. London: Osprey Publishing Ltd, 1989. ?Battle of Britain? Online. Internet. 7 Nov. 1998. Available: www.geocities.com/Pentagon/4143/index.html Aviation Essays

Corporate Governance Online Business Sustainability

Question: Describe about the Corporate Governance for Online Business Sustainability. Answer: Introduction Corporate governance is signifying the effective process of controlling and conducting the business. While conducting the business, each of the organisations requires maintaining several codes and practices, which are necessary to be understood by the corporate personnel. The efficient board of members need to maintain the set of responsibilities that will be effective enough in guiding the organisation towards success. The better guidance provided by the efficient board members will even ensure the accomplishments of the pre-determined goals. The study will thus be discussing the corporate governance procedure of Leighton Holding, which is one of the leading construction businesses (Baker, 2013). The study will analyse the contribution of the board members in resolving the issues related to the corporate governance procedure. The structured methodology will also be applied to complete the study. Methodology The study is based on the corporate governance procedure in Leighton Holding. The study requires identifying the potential issues during the year of 2013. In order to recognise such issues, it is required to conduct both the primary and the secondary researches. The secondary research will be based on the information derived from the secondary sources. For example, the annual report of the company and the list of board members during that period. On the other hand, the primary research will be considering qualitative analysis of the obtained data. In such cases, the company needed to communicate with one or two of the board members to confirm the issues. It is also required to understand the major initiatives that the board members had to undertake to resolve such issues. Hence, the association of the primary and the secondary researchers will be appropriate to conduct this study. Depending on such methodological structure, the entire study will be conducted accordingly. Background of Leighton Holdings, Australia Stanley Leighton founded Leighton holdings in the year of 1949 and the company has captured the leading positing as the superior contractors. In the year of 1962, the company was enlisted the name under the list of Australian Security Exchange. The company deals with the mineral process, mining equipment, construction process, infrastructure, and engineering services (Investor-And-Media-Centre, 2016). Headquarter of Leighton Holdings is situated at Sydney. However, it is to be notified that the company has the branches in different countries like Middle East, Asia Pacific, Sub Saharan Africa, North and South America. It is also noted that almost 43,000 employees are associated with the company all across the globe. In the year of 2015, the company had to face many allegations against corruptive acts, due to which Leighton Holden transformed the name into CIMIC Group. Structure of the Organisation It is notified that the company has established the partnership business with several entities like Thiess, CPB Contractor, Pacific Partnerships, and Leighton Asia. Having combined with these corporations, Leighton Holden started to provide many facilities like leaderships, finances and structured corporate governance. It is important to mention that the major motto of this organisation is to establish the sustainable approaches for the investment returns to the potential shareholders (Corporate Governance, 2016). In order to meet such objectives, the company has focused on implementing development, accountability, distribution, and morality in a specific way. Determining the motto of carrying out the global projects with the internationalised companies, M. Fernandez, the CEO of the company initiated the functionalities of associating the previous larger enterprises. Most of the operational process of Leighton Holding is associated with the construction business, as CPB contractors are the major business of CIMIC Group. It has already mentioned that due to several allegations regarding the corruptive activities, the organisation had to change the name. The merged companies have ensured almost 100% stake in John Holland, which is another most renowned construction company in Australia. Apart from these companies, Leighton Holden associated with Thiess group, which eventually made the company to capture the leading brand position in the construction business. Headquarter of this larger entity then shifted to Hong Kong, which was the major hub of this business. Another partner company named Sedgman deals with the world class designs, operational activities, mineral process, and construction business (Giov, 2015). It is reported that the merged companies started conducting the business by working on almost 170 projects altogether. After associating w ith Ventia, another construction company, Leighton Holding started providing the construction services across the globe. Issues faced in 2013 and Board of Directors Issue 1: In the year of 2013, Leighton Holding faced the challenging allegations against the corruptive acts performed by the company. It was stated that the international construction business is associated with the discrepancies with the internal company files (Kopnina Blewitt, 2014). In fact, it was proclaimed that Daivid Stewart, the CEO of Wall King was also associated with such corruptions. When the consequences revealed, it caused the real embarrassment for Australia and questioned the corporate governing bodies. Whereas on one hand, Australian businesses have been establishing partnerships with other countries, it is even connected to several corporate misconducts on the other side. The investigation process was imposed on hundreds of companies. The confidential documents were nurtured and revealed many of the cases. It was the worst scenario of a management discrepancy. It has been seen that most of the Australian firms fell under such allegations due to such situations. Le ighton Holding has captured the largest position among the construction companies in Australia ensuring the market value of near about $7 million (Home - CIMIC Group, 2016). However, such allegations and the issues created the negative impacts on the organisational sustainability. However, the skilled efforts of the board members were really appreciable to mitigate such risks. Issue 2: Another most prominent issue was found due to the inaccurate media releases in the year of 2013. The company tried to engage the stakeholders and the internal employees for better management functionalities (Wiggins, 2015). The management wanted to involve the employees for the better performance attributes that can ensure the quality work. However, the irrelevant media releases against Leighton Holdings somewhat affected the organisational reputation. However, David Stewart, the CEO managed the situation in a significant way. Associated Board of Directors David Stewart was the Chief Executive Officer during the period when the crisis emerged. Apart from him, Adele Ferguson, Tony Abbot, and Malcolm Maiden were also associated with the board in 2013 (Directors-resumes.2016). The chairman, Bob Humphris also reacted during this situational occurrence. Role of the Board Members In order to maintain the business sustainability for the future run, the company believes in undertaking the efficient corporate governance procedure. Along with such initiatives, the company is even focusing on compliance and risk management practices, which are helpful enough in dealing with situational crisis (Our Leaders, 2016). In order to maintain the good governing practices, the regulatory bodies are aligned to prepare the auditing and financial report. The set of rules under the corporate codes are maintained to support the organisational functionalities. If any of the directors is absent during the time when the decision is needed to be undertaken, R L Seidler plays the role of the alternate director. On the other hand, it is seen that L S Griffiths is appointed as company secretary who deals with the administrative purposes. Apart from them, the skilled leadership team is also contributing much to the organisational success. The members are A Muriel, J Grogan, M Fernandez, L S Griffiths, A Valderas, and L Interligi. It is important to mention that the effective corporate governance procedure is determining the process of reviewing the imposed policies that depends on the legal structure and discloses the revenues. It is one of the major sources of stating the income statement in the annual report. The company maintains the proper ASX standards to prepare the annual report (Good Governance Guide, 2014). The maintenance of the positivity while dealing with the government is one of the significant traits of the company. CIMIC group has focused on building the efficient relationships with the stakeholders, as they are the major priorities. Conclusion The study discussed the corporate governance issues occurred during 2013 when Leighton Holding faced the allegations against the corruptive activities. Maintaining the effective level of the corporate governance procedure requires the concentration on the legal structure that is set to meet the organisational objectives. Therefore, it has been seen that the management and the board members together facilitate the entire organisational functionalities in a significant way. However, the association of the guidelines presented by CEO and the time management determines the organisational success more specifically. CIMIC group has focused on building the efficient relationships with the stakeholders, as they are the major priorities. Maintaining the effective level of the corporate governance procedure requires the concentration on the legal structure that is set to meet the organisational objectives. Therefore, it has been seen that the management and the board members together facilitat e the entire organisational functionalities in a significant way. However, the association of the guidelines presented by CEO and the time management determines the organisational success more specifically. References Baker, N. (2013). Leighton Holdings directors blamed over graft. The Sydney Morning Herald. 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Routledge Our Leaders, 2016. Online. Retrieved from: https://www.cimic.com.au/our-approach/people-and-careers/our-leaders Accessed on 17 September 2016 Wiggins, J. (2015). Leighton to change name to CIMIC in wake of corruption allegations. The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 27 September 2016, from https://www.smh.com.au/business/leighton-to-change-name-to-cimic-in-wake-of-corruption-allegations-20150320-1m40j3.html